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Stable Peace: Additional Resources
These references supplement the Knowledge Base Essay, Stable Peace.
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Additional Explanations of the Underlying Concepts:
Online (Web) Sources
Brahm, Eric. "Confronting Past Human Rights Violations: Justice vs. Peace in Times of Transition -- Summary." Conflict Research Consortium. Available at: Link This is a summary of Chandra Lekha Sriram's "Confronting Past Human Rights Violations: Justice vs. Peace in Times of Transition" Coventry University: Centre for Forgiveness and Reconciliation. Available at: Primary Link [Backup Link] This is the home page of this organization, which dedicates itself to promoting strategies for establishing sustainable peace in post-conflict regions. The organization is guided by the notion that forgiveness and reconciliation are essential components of lasting peace. United States Institute of Peace. Europe in the 21st Century: A Strategy for Achieving Stable Peace. Available at: http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr001107.html [Backup Link] This report outlines a hypothetical strategy for achieving stable peace in Europe in the new millenium. The strategy aims to achieve a "peaceful, undivided, and democratic" Europe. Stable Peace. Available at: http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/speace.htm [Backup Link] Kenneth Boulding introduced the concept of "stable peace" which is the situation when two parties do not even consider war to be an option, no matter what conflict occurs between them. Examples would be the relationship between the United States and Canada, or the countries of Western Europe. Boulding foresaw the region of stable peace to be expanding, predicting that it would eventually cover much of the globe. Conflict Research Consortium Staff and Tanya Glaser. "Stable Peace--Book Summary." Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado. Available at: Link This is a summary of Kenneth Boulding's Stable Peace, which presents policies for creating and sustaining stable international peace. Modern warfare is increasingly devastating and costly. Nations can no longer afford to merely hope for peace. Author Kenneth Boulding argues that proactive policies for promoting peace must be developed and adopted instead.
Offline (Print) Sources
Sriram, Chandra Lekha. Confronting Past Human Rights Violations: Justice vs. Peace in Times of Transition. New York: Frank Cass, 2004. This book challenges transitional justice literature, which aruges that in a period of transition governments much choose between ensuring peace and attaining justice. This Sriram believes that there is a peace and justice continuum and rather than putting the two in competition with each other. Primary Link Goodby, James, Petrus Buwalda and Dmitri Trenin. A Strategy for Stable Peace. United States Institute of Peace Press, 2002. This book provides a framework and gives recommendations for developing a stable peace across Europe, the US and Russia. Wehr, Paul. Conflict Regulation. Westview Press: Boulder, CO, 1979. This work presents a general framework for analyzing and understanding conflict. This early work in the field of conflict resolution explains the basics of conflict mapping at the micro and macro levels. It also includes case studies of "self-limiting" conflict and discusses the emergence of alternative dispute resoution processes in solving environmental conflicts in Colorado mountain communities. From War to Peace : Altered Strategic Landscapes in the Twentieth Century. Yale University Press, December 1, 2000. In this book, a collection of top international relations scholars discuss the world's inability to construct a peaceful, stable world in the twentieth century. Through an examination of history, they offer insights into how to move toward peace in the future. Boulding, Kenneth E. Stable Peace. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1978. Stable Peace presents policies for creating and sustaining stable international peace. Modern warfare is increasingly devastating and costly. Nations can no longer afford to merely hope for peace. This book therefore argues that proactive policies for promoting peace must be developed and adopted instead. Primary Link Kacowicz, Arie Marcelo, ed. et al. Stable Peace Among Nations. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing, October 25, 2000. "This book builds on the original conceptualization of stable peace by Kenneth Boulding and adds contemporary theoretical and empirical understandings of its nature, causes, conditions, dimensions, and prospects for consolidation and expansion. In original research, fifteen international scholars assess the policy relevance of stable peace for the Middle East peace process and for the future of Europe." -from Amazon.com Kritz, Neil J. "The Rule of Law in the Post-Conflict Phase: Building a Stable Peace." In Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflict. Edited by Crocker, Chester A., Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, eds. Washington, D.C.: USIP Press, 1996. The author discusses some of the structural and procedural elements essential to the functioning of the rule of law, including an independent judiciary, a law enforcement system, and a freely elected representative government. Reckoning with war crimes and other past abuses is also central to maintaining rule of law, and criminals must be held accountable for their actions. In some cases, this will involve removing government officials from their positions of power and instituting a new government. Compensation and restitution are also crucial, as well as constitutional reform and the establishment of new legal entities to deal with justice issues in the post-conflict phase.
Examples Illustrating this Topic:
Online (Web) Sources
Lortan, Fiona. "The Ethiopia-Eritrea Conflict: A Fragile Peace." African Security Review, Vol. 9, No. 4 , 2000 Available at: http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/ASR/9No4/Lortan.html [Backup Link] "After two years of bloody warfare, the warring sides in the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict finally signed an interim peace agreement on 18 June 2000. Just how lasting this agreement will be, however, remains to be seen and there are many who doubt its ability to secure a lasting peace. While much of the war of the past two years was characterized by a military stalemate, it is estimated that more than 100 000 soldiers have been killed, and more than one million people have been displaced on either side of the disputed border ? up to 750 000 in Eritrea alone. Nor have the consequences been confined to the two belligerents either, for the war has had effects throughout this strategically important and already unstable region." This article examines past, present and future conflict and peace prospects. Clements, Kevin P. "Towards Conflict Transformation and a Just Peace." Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, 1900. http://www.berghof-handbook.net/articles/clements-handbook.pdf [Backup Link] This article argues that the structural sources of conflict--political and economic in particular--have been relatively underdeveloped in conflict analysis and in the design of intervention processes. This has meant that many Track II interventions in conflict have been oriented towards attitudinal and behavioural change rather than situational or structural change. Until this situation is reversed and more attention is paid to the transformation of institutions and processes, it will be difficult to generate stable peaceful relationships. The article concludes with some lessons learned from experiences of conflict intervention in Africa, the Caucasus and Asia.
Teaching Materials on this Topic:
Online (Web) Sources
Stages of Conflict and Peace with Corresponding Policy Tools: Situation 1: Stable Peace. Creative Associates, Inc. Available at: Primary Link [Backup Link] This is the description of the first stage of conflict, stable peace. It includes topics such as the environment for interventions, timeframe for action, and primary objectives. Also included are illustrative policy tools during stable peace, prior to conflict. |
