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Scapegoating: Additional Resources
These references supplement the Knowledge Base Essay, Scapegoating.
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Additional Explanations of the Underlying Concepts:
Online (Web) Sources
Public Eye. Dynamics of Bigotry. Available at: http://www.publiceye.org/tooclose/DynamicsTOC.html [Backup Link] This report discusses conspiracy thought. It is often driven by scapegoating, which is central to the analysis. It has significant discussion of the origins of scapegoating, its psychological and social foundations. Scapegoating Research & Remedies. Available at: http://www.scapegoat.demon.co.uk/index.htm [Backup Link] ?The Scapegoat Society is a resource both for people who have experienced being a scapegoat, and for people working professionally to resolve scapegoat problems?. The work of The Scapegoat Society [non-profit] is to raise consciousness about scapegoating and its dynamics so as to make it easier to resist and root out.?
Offline (Print) Sources
Dworkin, Andrea. Scapegoat: The Jews Israel, and Womens's Liberation. New York: Free Press, 2000. Throughout history, argues brilliant feminist critic Andrea Dworkin, women and Jews have been stigmatized as society's scapegoats. In this stunning and provocative book, Dworkin brings her rigorous intellect to bear on the dynamics of scapegoating. Drawing upon history, philosophy, literature, and politics, she creates a terrifying picture of the workings of misogyny and anti-Semitism in the last millennium. With examples that range from the Inquisition to the Nazis, Dworkin illustrates how and why women and Jews have been scapegoated and compares the civil inequality, prejudices, and stereotypes that have framed identity for both groups. Taking the state of Israel as a paradigm, Dworkin traces the growth of male dominance in societies both old and new -- resulting in the subordination of women and a racial or ethnic "other." - Amazon Pillari, Vimala. Scapegoating in families: intergenerational patterns of physical and emotional abuse. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1991. This book outlines the dynamics of scapegoating in families: how it works and why it happens. In plain language, it provides a number of case studies to demonsrate the dynamics of this pattern. The text also includes discussion after each case so readers can clearly see the larger point about the dynamic illustrated in the example. Dyckman, John M. and Joseph A. Cutler. Scapegoats at Work: Taking the Bull's-Eye Off Your Back. Praeger Publishers , 2003. Scapegoating is the identification--then blaming and punishing--of individuals for problems that rightly belong to the larger organization. Dyckman and Cutler offer a survival guide for people affected by workplace scapegoating. They show us the social and psychological roots of scapegoating and explain how the individual and system act together to enable this human drama. This book shows how both individuals and the workplace system contribute to scapegoating. This book follows the career of the scapegoat and presents ways that the pattern can be interrupted. Strategies to help remove the bull's-eye include understanding how to recognize scapegoating and break behavioral patterns that make one an attractive target. Also provided is information for workers and managers who wish to develop cooperative means of dealing with individual differences, creating a work environment that is more humane and efficient. People who feel victimized by work-related scapegoating will find this book of great interest, as will professionals working in human resources or employee assistance programs. It will help managers who have "problem employees" and want to improve workflow, reduce turnover, and reduce workers' comp claims. This clear and concise compendium of examples, tips, and strategies will also appeal to mediators, shop stewards, union officials, psychotherapists, and occupational medicine specialists. - from the Publisher Douglas, Tom. Scapegoats: Transferring Blame. New York: Routledge, 1995. In Scapegoats, Tom Douglas examines the process of scapegoating from all perspectives, tracing its development from earliest times as rite of atonement to the modern forms of the avoidance of blame and the victimization of innocents. The theories and explanations which social scientists have evolved to define scapegoating as a form of social behavior are examined and the processes of its management and resolution are covered in detail. Douglas analyzes the distinction between the "rational"--deliberate and intentional victimization--and the "irrational"--response to frustration of unknown or wrongly attributed causes--forms of scapegoating in detail. - Amazon.com Girard, Rene. The Scapegoat. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989. Human beings, according to French thinker Rene Girard, are fundamentally imitative creatures. We copy each other's desires, and are in perpetual conflict with one another over the objects of our desire. In early human communities, this conflict created permanent threat of violence. The only way the violence would end was for it to be directed against a single victim, and it was around the victims of collective ciolence that Girard thinks that cultures first formed. Biblical religion, according to Girard, has attempted to overcome this historic plight. From the unjust murder of Abel by his brother Cain, to the crucifixion of Christ, the Bible reveals the innocence of the victim. It is on this revelation that modern society unquietly rests. - Amazon |
