Printer-friendly version
Send by email
Entrapment: Additional Resources
These references supplement the Knowledge Base Essay, Entrapment.
|
Additional Explanations of the Underlying Concepts:
Online (Web) Sources
Mitchell, Christopher R. "Cutting Losses: Reflections On Appropriate Timing." , January 1, 1996 Available at: http://www.ciaonet.org/wps/mic01/ [Backup Link] This paper contributes to the debate about the circumstances likely to result in a restoration of realistic costing and a movement from antagonistic to conciliatory behavior. The author provides a detailed analysis of Zartman's and others' pioneering work in this area and evaluates the Hurting Stalemate, Imminent Mutual Catastrophe, and Entrapment models as inducements to negotiated problem solving. He counterposes an Enticing Opportunity model to these "exhaustion" models and suggests that positive inducements to change may be as effective or more effective than anticipated costs as a motivator in changing violent behavior. "Entrapment in Escalating Conflicts--Book Summary." University of Colorado: Conflict Research Consortium, 1900. Available at: Link This summary describes Joel Brockner and Jeffrey Rubin's book, Entrapment in Escalating Conflicts. This work will be of interest to those who seek a better social-psychological understanding of the factors and processes which produce entrapment, and promote conflict escalation. Wade, John. Negotiation and Mediation Concepts and Terminology. Mediation Information & Resource Center (MIRC). Available at: http://www.mediate.com/articles/bondV2sept99.cfm [Backup Link] In this article, the Bond University Dispute Resolution Newsletter (Australia) offers definitions for a variety of negotiation and mediation terms including "adjustive dissonance," entrapment, and dueling experts syndrome. The Dollar Auction Game: A Lesson in Conflict Escalation. Mediate.com. Available at: http://mediate.com/articles/noll1.cfm [Backup Link] This article discusses the "Dollar Auction Game", which is a technique used to teach people about the dynamics of conflict escalation.
Offline (Print) Sources
Brockner, Joel and Jeffrey Z. Rubin. Entrapment in Escalating Conflicts. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985. This work is a social-psychological investigation into the phenomena of entrapment. The authors attempt to synthesize findings from a number of studies into a general account of entrapment. Entrapment in Escalating Conflicts will be of interest to those who seek a better theoretical understanding of the factors and processes which produce entrapment, and promote conflict escalation. This work is divided into eleven chapters, with subject and author indices. Primary Link Kriesberg, Louis. "Escalating Conflicts." In Constructive Conflicts: From Escalation to Resolution. New York: Rowman and Littlefield, April 1, 1998. Pages: 151-180. In chapter one, Kriesberg explores the various stages of conflict and suggests that the dynamics of escalation often contribute to a conflict's destructiveness. He also presents a simplified conflict cycle in which conflicts typically emerge, escalate, de-escalate, and then eventually get resolved. In chapter six, the author discusses the escalation stage of conflict in more detail and out lines the processes, conditions, and policies that often generate destructive struggles. Primary Link [Backup Link] Boulding, Kenneth. "Pathologies of Defense." Journal of Peace Research 21:2, June 1984. This article explains why our current system of defense is pathological, and how the only national defense that is feasible in the nuclear age is stable peace. As part of this argument, Boulding introduces and explains his concept of sacrifice trap Primary Link [Backup Link] The Art and Science of Negotiation: How to Resolve Conflicts and Get the Best out of Bargaining. Cambridge: Belknap Press, January 1, 1998. This book is a serious text on negotiation. It offers a technical, theoretical examination of different types of negotiation situations, as well as attempting to connect theory to practice by providing specific case examples. Teger, A. I. Too Much Invested to Quit: The Psychology of the Escalation of Conflict. New York: Pergamon Press, 1980. This book explores the social-pscyhological processes that motivate parties to commit themselves to intense and destructive social conflicts.
Examples Illustrating this Topic:
Offline (Print) Sources
Zartman, I. William. Ripe for Resolution: Conflict and Intervention in Africa (Updated Ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, January 1, 1989. This study examines the causes and nature of African conflict and addresses the issue of how foreign powers can contribute productively to the management and resolution of such conflicts without resorting to the use of military force. The book focuses on four case studies of local conflict and external response (Western Sahara, the Horn of Africa, the Shaba province in Zaire, and Namibia) to assess various approaches to conflict management, and offers guidelines for identifying the ripe moment for effective external response. |
